CSI is nothing new but I didn’t start watching it until a few weeks ago. It got me hooked so fast I’m already watching CSI: Miami before I finish all seasons of the original CSI. It helps me notice the unnoticed, the little things in life we take for granted, fibers and fingernails, the hair we shed and the prints we leave on our boyfriends and girlfriends, our DNA swaps with people around us, etc. Too much free education and I wonder if they’re for real.
There’s no doubt about it: The forensic science on the television drama CSI: Crime Scene Investigation is highly contagious. The hit show has inspired spin-offs and exploded enrollments in forensics programs at many colleges and universities.
But is the line between entertainment and education getting blurred? Read on to explore the difference between forensics and faux-rensics …
The Prosecution
In light of the public’s rabid appetite for CSI and programs like it, experts have mixed feelings on the impact the show’s popularity is having. “CSI is getting more people interested in the science, which is fantastic,” explains Dr. Jennifer Thompson, program director of multidisciplinary studies at University of Nevada, which offers a forensic science degree program. (In fact, one of UNLV’s professors, Daniel Holstein, is the real-life inspiration for Gil Grissom, CSI’s leading character.) “The shows themselves are idealized versions of the field. They’ve got wonderful technology that just isn’t available in real life, and everything gets solved in a neat and tidy hour!”
If it seems a little bit unrealistic that each episode’s investigators spend time collecting data at crime scenes, conducting tests and experiments at laboratories, reviewing evidence at police departments, and questioning suspects, it’s because it is. In reality, there are highly trained specialists who do each of these tasks separately, and case resolution is often far from TV-perfect.
Data analysis often takes weeks or even months. “It’s the speed and the specificity more than anything,” says Dr. Stephen Theberge, assistant professor of chemistry at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts. Theberge teaches a forensic analysis course and offers a forensics concentration for chemistry majors.
“You don’t just stick something into a machine and immediately find out it’s got Maybelline lipstick on it, color 42. It’s just not that easy,” he says. Characters on forensic TV shows often possess the skills of many different kinds of specialists–it’s much more exciting to see the countless aspects of the field crammed into one supercharged investigator. “The investigator position on TV is an amalgam of a police officer/detective and lab scientist. In reality, this position doesn’t exist.”
The Defense
Though some of the miraculous tactics and technologies used to solve crimes on TV and in movies don’t really exist, you’d probably be surprised to find out just how many of them actually do. James Lucas, adjunct faculty member at Oakton Community College in Des Plaines, Illinois, teaches law enforcement students about the equipment used by the FBI and other crime-solving institutions.
“We are the first college-level forensics course in the U.S. to feature instruction using the Intergraph Video Analyst System,” he says. This system utilizes NASA-developed VISAR (Video Stabilization and Registration) technology to examine video. “Very often, it’s never more than a tattoo, or a kind of sneaker, that is needed to identify a criminal from video footage,” he explains, so in that sense, there is some truth to TV plots. “This was the same technology that was able to identify the Ryder truck used in the Oklahoma bombing.”
Like Thompson and Theberge, Lucas acknowledges that TV’s depiction of the ease with which forensic technologies can yield results is usually exaggerated–but that plenty of amazing gadgetry does exist. “In addition to the video system, we’ll teach students something called Faces 1.0, a program that creates composite facial drawings,” he says. “The full-fledged police version has 2,000 extra choices for eyes, features, aging, and more.” Another device Lucas mentions is AFIX 5.0, a desktop automatic fingerprint and palm print comparison system–something many Hollywood criminal justice fans are familiar with from movies.
What’s the Big Deal?
At the end of the day, is it really such a serious crime if shows like CSI project an embellished version of forensics work in the name of entertainment? Probably not. But the public’s growing awareness is indeed making its way into the courtroom.
“Nowadays, juries expect to see amazing forensic stuff,” says Melissa Connor, adjunct forensic science professor at Nebraska Wesleyan University (Lincoln, NE). “They’ve seen all of the expensive techniques and they want to be wowed.”
For the forensic enthusiast who wants a more accurate look into crime solving, there are some shows that are more fact than fiction. “When I started Forensic Files, over 10 years ago, it was because of what I saw going on in the O. J. Simpson trial,” explains the show’s executive producer and creator Paul Dowling. During each episode, the show reviews real-life cases and the techniques used to solve them. “My perception was that we had a bunch of jurors who were asked to try to understand very complicated genetic science and DNA. I wanted to show people what can be done with forensic science, as well as what can’t be done.”
So, don’t try this at home but do learn to sharpen your attention to little details, they might just save your life one day.